N04400 Forging / Plate / Bar Corrosion Resistant Alloys For Heat Exchanger

Alloy 400 (N04400) forging, plate, bar, tube for heat exchanger, steam generator, pump shaft etc

PRODUCT

Corrosion resistant alloy 400 (UNS N04400) forging, plate, bar and tube for heat exchanger, steam generator, pump shaft, gasoline tank, valve etc.

EQUIVALENT DESIGNATION

UNS N04400, MONEL® 400, VDM® alloy 400, NiCu30Fe(EN), NiCu30(ISO), W.Nr. 2.4360,W.Nr. 2.4361, NU 30(AFNOR), NA 13(BS)

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

PRODUCT FORMS

Alloy 400 is furnished in a wide range of standard mill forms including pipe, tube, sheet, strip, plate, round bar, flat bar, forging, hexagon, shaped section and wire, etc.

OVERVIEW

Alloy 400 is a single-phase, solid solution, nickel-copper alloy that can be hardened only by cold working. It has high strength and toughness over a wide temperature range and excellent resistance to many corrosive environments.

Alloy 400 is characterized by:

Resistance against chloride-induced stress corrosion

Excellent strength even at low application temperatures

Easy processing compared to other high-alloy materials

Approved for pressure vessels from -10 to 425°C (14 to 797°F) pursuant to VdTÜV Material Sheet 263 and up to 480°C (896°F) in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code.

APPLICATION

Alloy 400 is widely used in many fields, especially marine and chemical processing. Typical applications are valves and pumps; pump and propeller shafts; marine fixtures and fasteners; electrical and electronic components; springs; chemical processing equipment; gasoline and fresh water tanks; crude petroleum stills, process vessels and piping; boiler feedwater heaters and other heat exchangers; and deaerating heaters.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

Density:8.80 g/cm³

Melting point:1300-1350℃

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Mechanical properties at room temperature and increased temperature according to VdTÜV Material Sheet 263

Nominal room temperature tensile properties of Alloy 400^a

a The ranges shown are composites for various product sizes and therefore are not suitable for specification purposes. Hardness values are suitable for specification purposes providing tensile properties are not also specified.

b Properties on request.

c Properties shown are for sizes from 0.032 to 0.250-in. diameter. Properties for other sizes may vary from these.

CORROSION RESISTANCE

Alloy 400 has excellent resistance to neutral and alkaline salts and has long been the standard material for salt production systems. Alloy 400 is one of the few materials which can be used in contact with fluorine, hydrofluoric acid and hydrogen fluoride or their compounds. The material has a very high resistance to alkaline media. Its behavior in seawater is also excellent compared to copper-based alloys with an increased resistance to cavitation. Alloy 400 can be used in contact with highly diluted mineral acids, such as sulfuric and hydrochloric acid, provided that they are not ventilated.

Since the alloy does not contain chromium, the corrosion rates can increase significantly under oxidizing conditions. While Alloy 400 is resistant to stress corrosion cracking, it can display stress cracks in the presence of mercury or in moist, aerated HF vapors. Stress relief annealing is necessary in these conditions.

HOT FORMING

With respect to its resistance to hot deformation, alloy 400 is softer than many steels. It can, therefore, be hot-formed into almost any shape.

Alloy 400 can be hot formed in the temperature range of 800 to 1200°C (1472 to 2192°F), but only slight deformations should occur at 925 °C (1,697 °F). Hot bending is performed from 1200 to 1025°C (2192 to 1877°F). For preheating, the workpieces may be placed in the furnace which has already been preheated to the maximum hot forming temperature.

COLD FORMING

Alloy 400 is adaptable to virtually all methods of cold fabrication. It has a slightly higher work-hardening than does carbon steel. This must be taken into account during design and selection of forming tools and equipment and during the planning of forming processes. Intermediate annealing is necessary during cold working. The strength of Alloy 400 can be increased by hardening, though. Stress relief annealing is recommended in such cases, though, especially when used in media that can cause stress corrosion cracking in nickel-copper alloys, such as mercury and its compounds or fluorosilicic acid.

The forces required and the rate of work hardening are intermediate between those of mild steel and type 304 stainless steel (see figure below, effect of cold work on hardness).

STANDARD SPECIFICATION

Alloy 400 is listed in NACE MR0175 for oil-gas service.

Alloy 400 is approved as a material of construction by the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Allowable stresses for Section III construction up to 800°F, Section VIII Division 1 construction up to 900°F and Section VIII Division 2 construction up to 800°F are contained in Tables 1B and 2B of ASME Section II, Part D.

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COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE:

(1)More than 50 years experience of research and develop in high temperature alloy, corrosion resistance alloy, precision alloy, refractory alloy, rare metal and precious metal material and products.
(2) 6 state key laboratories and calibration center.
(3) Hundreds of patent technologies.
(4) Ultra-purity smelting process VIM + IG-ESR + VAR.

(5) High performance material.

BUSINESS TERM