Product Details:
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Material: | Nickel Iron Alloy 48, A Binary Nickel-iron Controlled Expansion Alloy | ||
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High Light: | stainless steel alloy,high performance alloys,Nickel iron alloy 48 |
Alloy 48 (K94800, W.Nr. 1.3922, Glass seal 48) bar, tube, strip, wire for automotive and industrial electric lamp bulb
1 PRODUCT
Nickel iron alloy 48 semi-products for automotive and industrial electric lamp bulbs.
Alloy 42 is available in following standard semi-finished forms:
Sheet
Delivery condition: Hot or cold rolled, heat treated, descaled or pickled
Strip
Delivery condition: Cold rolled, heat treated, pickled or bright annealed
Bar and Rod
Delivery condition: Forged, rolled, drawn, heat treated, oxidized, descaled or pickled, turned, peeled, ground or polished
Wire (profile, round, flats, square)
Delivery condition: Drawn bright, ¼ hard to hard, bright annealed in rings, containers, on spools and headstocks
Wire rod
Delivery condition: hot rolled (dia.5.5mm to 40mm)
Others
Other shapes and dimensions such as discs, rings, seamless pipes and forgings can be requested.
2 EQUIVALENT DESIGNATION
UNS K94800, W.Nr. 1.3922, 1.3926, 1.3927, Glass seal 48, Nilo® alloy 48, Invar® 48, Pernifer 48
3 OVERVIEW
Alloy 48 is a binary nickel-iron controlled expansion alloy containing 48% nickel, used in both for its controlled expansion characteristics as well as it’s magnetic shielding capabilities.
4 APPLICATION
Alloy 48 is mainly used for glass-to-metal seals in soft lead or soda lime type glasses, and variety of electronic tubes, automotive and industrial lamps, relay switches, transformers and cathode ray tubes, and specialty hermetic devices. It is also used for thermostats in industrial applications up to 450°C (840°F).
5 CHEMICAL COMPOSITION (wt%):
Ni | Fe | Al | Co | Mn | Si | C | P | S | Cr |
48.0 | Balance | ≤0.10 | ≤0.50 | ≤0.80 | ≤0.30 | ≤0.05 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.025 | ≤0.10 |
6 PHYSICAL PROPERTY
Density at 20°C: 8.25 g/cm3 (0.298 lb/in3)
Modulus of elasticity in tension: 23.2 x 103 ksi (160 x 103MPa)
Curie temperature: 880°F (471°C)
Specific heat: 0.12 Cal/g- °C (0.12 BTU/lbm- °F)
Table 6-1 Melting and inflection points
Alloy | Melting point | Inflection point | ||
°C | °F | °C | °F | |
Alloy 48 | 1450 | 2640 | 460 | 860 |
Table 6-2 Thermal conductivity at 20°C (68°F)
Alloy | W/m°C | Btu in/ft²h °F |
Alloy 48 | 16.7 | 116 |
Table 6-3 Electrical resistivity
Temperature | Microhm cm (ohm.circ mil/ft) | |
°C | °F | Alloy 48 |
20 | 68 | 47 (283) |
100 | 212 | 54 (325) |
200 | 392 | 71 (427) |
300 | 572 | 89 (535) |
400 | 752 | 104 (626) |
500 | 932 | 116 (698) |
600 | 1112 | 121 (728) |
Table 6-4 Typical thermal expansion of Alloy 48
Temperature range | Total expansion | Mean linear coefficient | |||
°C | °F | 10-3 | 10-6/°C | 10-6/°F | |
20-100 | 68-212 | 0.68 | 8.5 | 4.7 | |
20-150 | 68-302 | 1.11 | 8.5 | 4.7 | |
20-200 | 68-392 | 1.55 | 8.6 | 4.8 | |
20-250 | 68-482 | 1.98 | 8.6 | 4.8 | |
20-300 | 68-572 | 2.44 | 8.7 | 4.8 | |
20-350 | 68-662 | 2.88 | 8.7 | 4.8 | |
20-400 | 68-752 | 3.34 | 8.8 | 4.9 | |
20-450 | 68-842 | 3.84 | 8.9 | 4.9 | |
20-500 | 68-932 | 4.37 | 9.1 | 5.1 |
7 MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Table 7-1 Typical mechanical properties of Alloy 48 hot rolled bar in annealed condition
Temperature | Tensile strength | Yield strength (0.2% Offset) | Elongation on 50 mm (2 inch) | Reduction of area | |||
°C | °F | MPa | ksi | MPa | ksi | % | % |
20 | 68 | 520 | 75 | 260 | 38 | 43 | 72 |
100 | 212 | 480 | 70 | 210 | 30 | 43 | 72 |
200 | 392 | 470 | 68 | 160 | 23 | 43 | 72 |
300 | 572 | 460 | 67 | 150 | 22 | 43 | 72 |
400 | 752 | 400 | 58 | 130 | 19 | 44 | 70 |
500 | 932 | 320 | 46 | 120 | 17 | 47 | 64 |
600 | 1112 | 240 | 35 | 110 | 16 | 51 | 55 |
Table 7-2 Hardness
Alloy | Condition | HV | HRB |
Alloy 48 | Annealed | 150 max. | 80 max. |
Full hard | 240 min. | 99 min. |
8 WORKING INSTRUCTION
Alloys 48 can be hot or cold worked, machined and formed by processes similar to those used for austenitic stainless steels.
Heat treatment
Although the nickel-iron low expansion alloys are not hardenable, annealing and stress relief thermal treatments are at times necessary to promote structure uniformity and dimensional stability. The relief of stresses introduced by severe forming, bending, or machining, can be accomplished by annealing at temperatures of approximately 1400 to 1800°F (760 to 982°C) for a time sufficient, to thoroughly heat through the section. However, the nickel-irons will oxidize readily at these high temperatures. When annealing cannot be done in a non-oxidizing enviroment (vacuum, dry hydrogen, dissociated ammonia, etc.) sufficient material must be allowed on work pieces to clean-up by light grinding, pickling, etc., after annealing. Stress relief for sections having light finishing cuts or grinding performed after annealing is accomplished by heating to 600 to 800°F (316 to 427°C), for a time to uniformly heat through the work piece.
Forming
All of the nickel-iron controlled expansion alloys can be hot forged, upset, formed, etc., at temperatures between 1800 to 2100°F (982 to 1149°C). However, heating for hot working must be done uniformly at slow rates from relatively cold furnaces (black) to minimize the potential for cracking through large sections as a result of differential thermal expansion stresses. Large forgings should be annealed to promote uniformity after hot working.
Machining
The alloy should be machined in the annealed condition, using high speed steel or tungsten carbide tipped tools. Cutting compounds should be straight cutting oil E.P. medium duty, or soluble oil 20:1 dilution for turning, drilling and milling. Lower dilution ratios should be used for other machining methods.
The following feeds and speeds can be used as a general guide:
Cutting Speed | Feed | |
Rough turning depth of cut 1.25-2.5 mm (0.05-0.10 inch) |
30-45 m/min (98-148 ft/min) |
0.25-0.4 mm/rev (0.01-0.015 in/rev) |
Finish turning, depth of cut 0.125-0.25 mm (0.005-0.010 inch) |
45-60 m/min (148-197ft/min) |
0.1-0.25 mm/rev (0.0004-0.01 mm/rev) |
9 STANDARD SPECIFICATION
DIN 17745 Plate, sheet, bar, rod
AFNOR NF A54-301 Composition
ASTM F-30 Sheet, strip, rod, bar, tubing and wire
MIL 1-23011 Class 3
AMS 1-23011 Class 3
10 COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE:
(1) More than 50 years experience of research and develop in high temperature alloy, corrosion resistance alloy, precision alloy, refractory alloy, rare metal and precious metal material and products.
(2) 6 state key laboratories and calibration center.
(3) Patented technologies.
(4) Ultra-purity smelting process: VIM + IG-ESR + VAR
(5) Excellent high performance.
11 BUSINESS TERM
Minimum order quantity | Negotiable |
Price | Negotiable |
Packing details | Water prevent, seaworthy transport, mill’s export standard packing |
Mark | As per order |
Delivery time | 60-90 days |
Payment terms | T/T, L/C at sight, D/P |
Supply ability | 300 metric tons / Month |
Contact Person: Mr. lian
Tel: 86-13913685671
Fax: 86-510-86181887